ARSLAN, A., et al, Low-Dose Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate for Myocardial Protection, Transplantation Proceedings, 37, 3219-3222 (2005)

Comparison of UW vs. HTK Solution for Myocardial Protection in Heart Transplantation H. Reichenspurner et al, Transp Int (1994) 7 (Supp 1) S481–S484

This studies aim was to investigate the protective effect of UW in heart transplant. A retrospective comparative study with Custodiol® HTK was done with 160 patients with HTK protection and 50 patients with a transplanted heart protected with UW.

A Comparison of Intracellular Solutions for Donor Heart Preservation Paul J. Hendry et al, J Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, 1993;105:667-73

This study compared the effects of Euro-Collins, University of Wisconsin and Bretschneider’s (Custodiol® HTK) solutions with the use of an in vitro human right atrial muscle preparation to assess recovery of function after a 24-hour period of simulated cardiac arrest. Bretschneider’s solution resulted in greatly improved recovery compared to E-C and UW solutions. UW was also found to be better than E-C. Recovery of developed force was affected by temperature for EC and UW, but not for Bretschneider’s. The author noted this is of importance because uniform temperatures are seldom maintained during heart transplantation. Bretschneider’s has a very high buffering capacity, which the author speculates may be beneficial for long-term preservation.

BOTTA, L., et al, Cardiac transplantation with a donor hear rescued from deep hypothermia, The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, Vol. 30, No. 10, October 2011, 1203-1204

COURAD, L., et al, Lung and Heart-Lung Transplantation for End Stage Lung Disease, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Vol.4 (1990)

GKOUZIOUTA, A. et al, Heart Transplantation in a Low-Organ-Donation Environment: A Single Center Experience, Transplantation Proceedings, 41, 4289-4293 (2009)

GU, K., et al, HTK Solution More Effective than UW Solution for Cardiac Preservation, Transplantation Proceedings, Vol.28, No. 3 (June) 1996; 1906-1907

KOBER, I.M., et al, HTK vs. UW Solution for Myocardial Protection during Moderate Hypothermia, Eur. Surg. Res., 29 (1997), 264-272

KOERNER, M.M., et al, Cardiac Transplant Survival in Relation to Preservation, Procurement, Preservation, and Allocation of Vascularized Organs, pp. 285-289, 1997, Kluwer Academic Publishers

KU, K., et al, Prolonged Hypothermic Cardiac Storage with Histidine Tryptophan Ketoglutarate Solution, Transplantation, Vol. 64; 971-975, No. 7, Oct. 15 1997

LEE, S. et al, Superior myocardial preservation with HTK solution over Celsior in rat hearts with prolonged cold ischemia, Surgery (2010), 148:463-73

This study evaluates the myocardial protection of Custodiol®  HTK to Celsior in cases with extended cold storage in a rat model.  The markers measured to analyze graft injury were tissue adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, as well as serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK), serum troponin I, graft-infiltrating cells, graft mRNA levels for inflammatory mediators.  Results indicated that HTK was found to provide “superior protective effects against prolonged cold ischemia” in heart transplant.

LIAO, K., et al, Operative Technique in Orthotopic Heart Transplantation, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Elsevier Inc. 2004, 370-377

MINTEN, J., et al, Optimal Storage Temperature and Benefit of Hypothermic Cardioplegic Arrest for Long-Term Preservation of Donor Hearts: A Study in the Dog, Transplant International (1988) 1: 19-25

MUSCI, M., et al, Comparison of Bretschneider Solution (HTKS) and University of Wisconsin Solution (UWS) for Myocardial Preservation in Heart Transplantation: A Clinical Follow-up, Cardiovascular Surgery, 1997, presented at 23rd World Congress of ISCVS, #14.10

REICHART, B., et al, Heart and Heart-Lung Transplantation: – Organ Preservation, R.S. Schulz-Verlag 1990

REICHENSPURNER, H. et al, Myocardial preservation using HTK solution for heart transplantation, European Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Spring 1993, 7: 414-419

RENNER, A., et al, Heterotypic Rat Heart Transplantation: Severe Loss of Glutathione in 8-Hour Ischemic Hearts, Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, Vol. 23, No. 9; (Sept) 2004: pp. 1093-1102

SAITOH, Y. et al, Heart Preservation in HTK Solution: Role of Coronary Vasculature in Recovery of Cardiac Function, Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000, 69:107-112

This study investigates Custodiol®  HTK versus UW in terms of protecting the coronary vasculature.  Rat hearts were arrested, stored in one of the two preservation solutions at 4 degrees Celsius for 8 hours and then reperfused.  Coronary vascular responsiveness was examined before flushing, before storage, after storage and after reperfusion.  The authors found that “HTK is superior to UW solution for cardiac preservation” by measuring pre- and post- storage ATP and ADP levels.  Additionally, recovery of AF, CF, CO, RPP and LV dp/dt were found to be significantly better in the HTK group.

SCHELD, H.H., et al, Resection of a Heart Tumor using Autotransplantation, Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg 36 (1988), 40-43

SCHNABEL, Ph.a., The Ultrastuctural Effects of Global Ischemia on Purkinje Fibres Compared with the Working Myocardium: A Quantitative and morphometric investigation on the Canine Heart, Virchows Archive A. Pathol. Anat., 418 (1991), 17-25

SCHNEEBERGER, S. et al, Mitochondrial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Transplanted Rat Heart: Improved Protection by Preservation Versus Cardioplegic Solutions, Shock, Vol. 00, No. 00, pp. 00-00, 2008

SCHRÖDER, C. et al, Preclinical evaluation of coronary vascular function after cardioplegia with HTK and different antioxidant additives, European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, 31 (2007) 821-826

SCHUTT, U., et al, Organ Preservation in Heart and Heart-Lung Transplantation using HTK-Bretschneider Solution, ISCTS – The World Society of Cardio-Thoracic Surgeons Abstract Program, Nov. 1998, p. 132

SHAYAN, H. et al, Lung Transplant, Double Valve Repair and Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm Resection, Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 2012, 93: e3-5

SZABO, G. et al, Custodiol-N, A Novel Organ Protection Solution Protects Against Myocardial and Endothelial Reperfusion Injury After Orthotopic Heart Transplantation, Abstract 1313, either, Cat:55, International Academy of Cardiology 15th World Congress on Heart Disease, July 25, 2010

WEI, J., et al, Successful Heart Transplantation after 13 Hours of Donor Heart Ischemia with the Use of HTK Solution: A Case Report, Transplantation Proceedings, 37, 2253-2254 (2005)

YANG, Q., et al, HTK Solution Maximally Preserves Endothelial Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor-Mediated Function During Heart Preservation: Comparison with University of Wisconsin Solution, The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, Vol. 23., No. 3, (March) 2004, 352-359